Name of science "anatomy" (humans, animals, plants) comes from the Greek word anatemno – cut, split, and its essence is to examine the structure of organisms and their organs by autopsy tissues. This refers to the science Biological Sciences, under the general term "morphology" (from the Greek. morpho – shape, logos – the doctrine). Morphology (term coined by the German poet and scientist Goethe in 1817) is not limited to ascertaining the details of the shape and structure of various body parts (normal, abnormal, ugly, etc.), obtained at different teaching levels (macroscopic, microscopic, cellular, molecular, etc.). It also clarifies the development of and the whole body under the influence of various factors (functional, climatic and geographical, etc.). It must be admitted that in the historic birth of many of the morphological sciences of anatomy was a priority, as a rule, significant.
In the late XIX – early XX century. separated morphology and developed a section of it – the evolutionary morphology, whose purpose is to study organisms and different organs in the ontogeny and phylogeny. Human anatomy as independent science for a long time (until the XIX century.) and remained mostly descriptive (hence, there was a descriptive anatomy), ie it was limited to the description, naming and classification of organs and systems. Long the duty of Anatomists was just learning a few man-averaged (excluding options) of the normal without pathological abnormalities of the human body (hence begins the normal anatomy.) In an era Renaissance and during all subsequent times to the present day world science has been enriched by the discoveries that explain not only certain things, but their origin and development.
